Skin cancer, is a serious health problem that occurs as a result of uncontrolled proliferation of skin cells and is one of the most common types of cancer in the world. The most important risk factor is prolonged and unprotected exposure to the harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays of the sun. Light skin colour and genetic predisposition are among other important factors that increase the risk of skin cancer. Moles that subsequently appear on the skin or change shape, colour and size; non-healing wounds, crusting and bleeding are among the early signs of skin cancer.
The most common type of skin cancer basal cell carcinoma (BCC)’is the most common. Although the risk of metastasis of BCC is quite low, it may grow progressively in the area where it is located and spread to deep tissues and may become difficult to treat in the late stage. It is most commonly seen on the face; however, it can also occur in other parts of the body.
Other common types of skin cancer squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and malignant melanomais. These types of cancer are particularly prone to metastasis via the lymphatic system.
Treatment of skin cancer is planned according to the type, stage and early diagnosis of the cancer. In skin cancers detected at an early stage, surgical removal of the lesion is often an adequate and effective treatment method. The removed tissue is sent for pathological examination. The aim of treatment is to prevent the spread of the disease, to protect healthy tissue and to improve the patient's quality of life.
In cases of squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma, additional evaluations for metastasis may be required. In cases where metastasis is detected, advanced surgical interventions and/or non-surgical treatment methods may be planned in addition to surgical treatment.
After surgical treatment of skin cancers, a tissue defect occurs in the area where the lesion was removed. This defect is reconstructed according to its size, shape and location. Reconstruction can be performed by end-to-end closure, skin graft or flap surgery methods.
Surgical treatment of skin cancers is usually performed under local anaesthesia and the operation time is approximately 30 minutes. In advanced cancers, general anaesthesia and longer surgical procedures may be required. Most patients are discharged on the same day and return to daily life is possible in a short time.
